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Chapter 40 — 7
All divers are encouraged to undergo additional training in resuscitation and O
2
administration. This should be mandatory for dive masters and dive instructors.
Cases such as gas embolism and decompression sickness generally require
100% inspired
O
2
from the outset. A system capable of delivering 100% O
2
must be chosen. Even then, an
ill fitting mask may allow air to be breathed around the seal, diluting the O
2
. Attention to the
mask fit and attachment is necessary to prevent this. It is especially likely if the patient
sleeps. If a demand valve is used, make sure the patient does not breathe air through the nose
at the same time. This can be prevented by using a nose clip (improvise if necessary) or a
diver's face mask.
Whenever O
2
is administered there is a serious
fire hazard
since increased concentrations of
O
2
accelerate burning and can make ordinarily non-combustible materials burn furiously. The
area where the O
2
is administered should be well ventilated and sources of ignition and
combustible materials (including cigarettes) should be avoided. The system should be turned
on slowly and should be tried and running before it is applied to the patient's face.
Further information may be obtained from the text "Oxygen First Aid for Divers"— by John
Lippmann, J.L. Publications, Australia.
Fig 40.4
A portable oxygen resuscitator. This system allows positive pressure ventilation with 100% O
2
for a non-breathing diver, or passive demand supply for a breathing diver. A long supply hose
can be fitted to a larger cylinder containing 100%O
2
for prolonged use. The airways and suction
appliance are included
Guedel Airways